Everything about The Austrian Riviera totally explained
The
Austrian Riviera (
German Österreichische Riviera,
Italian Riviera Austriaca) is a description for the coastal strip of former
Austrian Littoral, a
Habsburg crown land which, until
1921, stretched along the northeastern
Adriatic Coast.
The Austrian Riviera covered areas coastal areas adjacent the port city of
Trieste. The Istrian coast south of Trieste is part of the mountainous
Kras with numerous small offshore islands (for example,
Brioni/Brijuni) and is now part of the Italian municipality of Muggia, and southernmore of
Slovenia and
Croatia.
The coast north of
Trieste is partially rocky, and partially sandy, with the Island of Grado. It is now part of the
autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of
Italy.
The coast presents a charming landscape and a year-round mild climate.
History
In
Ancient Roman times the region was the site of important settlements like
Aquileia.
During the
Middle Ages, most of the coast had
Venetian settlements. In
1382, Italian
Trieste was joined with the
Habsburg Monarchy which also controlled most of the
hinterland, while most of the smaller coastal fisher villages remained part of the
Republic of Venice.
Trieste developed into an important port and trade hub and by
1719 was constituted a free port and further developed as the
Habsburg Austria's principal commercial port and shipbuilding center.
In
1815, after the
Napoleonic Wars, the remaining coastal villages became part of the new
Austrian Empire and the completion of the
Vienna-
Trieste Austrian Southern Railway in
1857 not only helped to further develop trade between the two cities but also brought Viennese upper class society to the mild winters of the
Littoral.
Trieste developed into a buzzing cosmopolitan city visited by artists, musicians, poets and writers from all over the
Austrian Empire (later
Austria-Hungary) and the rest of
Europe. The surrounding coastal towns and villages developed into favorite hot spots for the rich and famous.
In
1850, Lussino/Lošinj became a summer residence of the
Habsburg Imperial family and, in
1860,
Miramare Castle was completed for
Archduke Maximilian.
In
1883, the beach resort on
Brioni Island (Brijuni) was set up and, in
1904, the
Austrian Riviera Journal (
Österreichische Riviera Zeitung) was first published in
Pola (Pula).
In
1921 after
World War I the Austrian Riviera became part of
Italy and was cut off from some of its hinterland. During the
1920s, the Riviera flourished somewhat as a "Austro-Italian Riviera," but the splendor of its heyday was gone. The
French Riviera and
Italian Riviera in the western
Mediterranean became more favorable resorts.
In
1945 Trieste, together with a small stretch of the adjacent coast became an independent
Free Territory of Trieste. However, in
1954, the Free Territory was subdivided between
Italy and
Yugoslavia making Trieste a
Cold War frontier.
Trieste,
Grado, Sistiana and Muggia, remained part of
Italy.
In
1991,
Slovenia and
Croatia gained independence as democracies and opened their coast for trade and tourism.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Austrian Riviera'.
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